2-Stroke Engine – Engine that is normally used in Jet-skies. They use a fuel and oil mixture that are both burned in the cylinder chamber. Normally small and run on high RPM's. no crank case 4-Stroke Engine – Engine that is normally in Cars and Boats. Has a crankcase (oil is added sepratly and is not burned in the combustion reaction) Ailerons – A control surface that controls the roll axis of an airplane Airflow – The flow of air, specifically around an object. airfoil – the cross sectional shape on an object that moves air in such a way as to create lift Aliphatic Hydrocarbons – hydrocarbons which do not contain a benzine ring amphipod – small crustaceans ASTM – American Society for Testing and Materials Bernoilli Effect – An explaination of the inverse relationship between fluid velocity and pressure. Bluewater Network – a national environmental organization aggressively confronting the root causes of climate change and fighting environmental damage from the shipping, oil, and motorized recreation industries. boundary layer – a layer of air that is "attached" to the wing, it is what is forced downward creating lift. Iw the wing is too smooth, there will be no boundary layer. CAA – Clean Air Act, passed in 1975 CARB – California Air Resources Board Carborator – Device that brings and allow fule passage into the combustion chamber CaRFG2 – California Phase II reformultated Gasoline CaRFG3 – California Phase III reformulated gasoline without MTBE. Will be introduced on December 31, 2002 Combustion Chamber – Place where spark pulg fires and creates combustion in above piston Conda Effect – An explaination of the tendency of a fluid to follow the curvature of a foreign object due to viscosity and surface tension. Crank-shaft – Device that turns the propeller in a jet-ski, located in the bottom of the engine CWA – Clean Water Act, passed in 1972 by EPA Engine – A machine that converts energy into mechanical force or motion. Such a machine distinguished from an electric, spring-driven, or hydraulic motor by its use of a fuel. A mechanical appliance, instrument, or tool: engines of war. EPA – Environmental Protection Area ETBE – ethyl tert-butyl ether, gas emissions reducer four stroke engine – an engine that uses two up strokes and two down strokes hydrocarbon – An organic compound containing only carbon and hydrogen Impeller – a type of propeller fitted into a surrounding "tunnel" In-Situ – Static Intake Port – Used in (MPI) Multi Port Injection, used in moder fuel system, fuel comes in through it and is then distributed into the combustion chamber Kevlar – an incredably tough fabric, used in bullet proof vests LUST – Leaking Underground Storage Tanks magneto – A device that produces alternating current for distribution to the spark plugs, used in the ignition systems of some internal-combustion engines. [Short for magnetoelectric machine.] mg/L – micrograms per liter MMT – methylcyclopetdielyl manganese tricarbonyl, octane booster motor – Something, such as a machine or an engine, that produces or imparts motion. A device that converts any form of energy into mechanical energy, especially an internal-combustion engine or an arrangement of coils and magnets that converts electric current into mechanical power. MTBE – 1) methyl tertiary-butyl ether MTBE plume – an elongated and usually open and mobile column or band MTHF – methyl tetra hydro furan, octane booster NAAQS – National Ambient Air Quality Standards Navier-Stokes calculations – The Navier-Stokes equations are a set of three dimensional non-linear equations that fully describe the motion of an incompressible fluid and can be used to calculate the rate of flow, pressure, and positions of any free surfaces. Newtonian Lift – The theory explaining how an aerofoil derives its lift strictly according to newtonian physics. octane – The main component of gasoline, octane is an isometric saturated hydrocarbon consisting of 8 carbon atoms and 18 hydrogen atoms per molecule. It is found in petroleum and used as a fuel and solvent. oxygenates – substances that, when added to gasoline, increase the amount of oxygen in the gasoline blend Personal Watercraft (PWC) – A boat under 16 ft in length that is powered by an inboard, internal combustion engine running a water jet pump Piezoelectric effect – The properties of certian crystals and ceramics to change in thier dimentions when electrical current is applied, and causes current when force is applied. pitch – The up and down movement of the nose on the aircraft. Power Stroke – Time in the engiine scycle when engery is utilized Powerplant – Engine, motor PPB – Parts per billion PWC – Personal Water Craft PZT – Plumbum (lead) Zirconate Titanate. Polycrystalline ceramic material with piezoelectric properties Quasam – a group of materials nano-engineered from carbon reed valve – a valve that opens one way, so if there is more pressure on one side, it opens, but if there is more pressure on the other side, the vlave closes RFG – Reformulated gasoline, containing oxygenates, such as MTBE or ethanol roll – The up and down movement of the wingtips on the aircraft. RPM – Rotations per Minute, the amout of times that an engine makes a complete in each minute rudder – Used to deflect the tail to the left and right as viewed from the front of the fuselage. scavenging loss – the loss of fuel from the act of fuel going directly from the intake to the exhaust slats – A moveable auxiliary airfoil running along the leading edge of the wing of an airplane. Spoiler – Disrupts the airflow over a wing wich creates drag, slowing it down synergestic – works together TAME – Tert-Ayl methyl ether, a gas additive TBA – Tert-butyl alcohol, replaced lead in gas two stroke engine – an engine in which the piston has one up and one down stroke per cycle VOC – Volatile Organic Compounds volatilizes – to cause to pass off in vapor yaw – Movement of the nose of the aircraft from side to side.