Component #3
Impact of the technology on science and education

Forecast workforce demand (for the next five years) based upon your technical application’s impact to the marketplace.

   Greeley and Hansen offers "challenging opportunities for engineers who have earned Bachelor of Science, Master of Science or Doctorate degrees with an emphasis on civil, sanitary, and environmental engineering."  Our technical application will impact the workforce demands in the areas of Structural and Environmental Engineering. Some job positions will have an impact in the Waste Water Management field. These can include: Civil Engineers, Wastewater Plant Operators, Utility Instrument Technicians, Wastewater Plant Managers, Production & Operating Workers, Construction Workers, and Maintenance Workers.

   The Florida Water and Pollution Control Operators Association offers job openings in the waste water management industry. The following is a description and requirements for certain positions that are currently available.  

Water Plant operator: performs technical and mechanical work in the operation, maintenance and repair of water treatment facilities and systems.   The salary for this position is $28,412.80- $45,427.20 per year.  The requirements are a high school diploma, a minimum FL class "C" water treatment plant certification and FL driver's license w/satisfactory driving record.

Licensed Wastewater Plant Operator (Utilities Dept.): responsible for the operations of a wastewater plant, maintaining detailed operating records, communicating with city department officials and general public, and for the servicing of equipment and machinery.  He or she must have a solid background knowledge of trade and use of proper safety procedures. The salaries for this position are for License A $32,552-$43,576 a year; License B $30,243-$40,414 a year and  License C $27,994-$38,240 a year.

Utilities Electrician: is required to have experience in electrical trade, or another domain providing the appropriate knowledge, skills and abilities, for a minimum period of 4 years.  This person must also possess knowledge about confined and hazardous space requirements within his first year of employment. An average salary per year in this profession is $28,048-34,043.

Wastewater Operations Supervisor: requires a minimum of 5-7 years of experience in the wastewater management industry.  He or she will be the person supervising the work of other employees.

Sludge Equipment Operator: responsible for basic plumbing operations in the plant.

   The following chart shows the 1998 national occupational employment and wage estimates related to plant and system occupations.   In the future these salaries will reflect the increasing demand for the above occupations. This table illustrates the range of salaries for employees working in the fields listed above. The majority of the salaries for the employees in this field are above $29,660, a tenth of those who are employed in this field receive annual totals of $44,710 or more.

Employee Percentile

10% 25% Median 75% 90%

Hourly Wage

$8.90 $11.16 $14.26 $17.64 $21.49

Annual Wage

$18,500 $23,210 $29,660 $36,680 $44,710

   With the current rate of population growth, the reduction in fossil fuels, and the sophistication/expertise required to understand complex biological systems and energy recovery technologies, the educational background for workers in the WWM field will only increase.  As the employment requirements increase, so will the salaries.


Give two examples of an undergraduate or graduate degree program in science or engineering that a student could pursue to become involved in research directly related to the team’s NCT technical application. Be sure to include the URL address of the institution, the department where the program is located and a brief description of the program of study.

UCF College of Engineering logo
Used with Permission of the University

   We chose to highlight the University of Central Florida's 5-year Undergraduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering. Their courses primarily deal with structures, geo-techniques, transportation, water resources, solid waste, potable and wastewater, and prepare students to understand the function of sewage treatment plants as well as the way to build and manage such complex structures.

The following courses are offered in this undergraduate program:

- Biological process control
- Chemical process control
- Solid water design
- Solid water management
- Wastewater treatment process
- Air pollution
- Hazardous waste management
- Drinking water treatment
- Sludge management
- Physical treatment system
- Chemical treatment system

.Georgia Tech logo

Used with courtesy of the Georgia Institute of Technology

   The Georgia Institute of Technology has a department of Civil and Environmental Engineering which offers both undergraduate and graduate studies.  We chose to highlight their graduate program as an example of a curriculum that educates students about the inner behavior as well as the outer structure of a sewage management plant. 

The following courses are offered in their graduate program:

- Planning, designing and construction of structures
- Flow and transport through porous media I/II
- Modeling and simulation of biological treatment systems
- Intermediate fluid mechanics
- Hydrodynamic stability and turbulence
- Landfill design and management
- Foundation systems
- Finite element method of structural analysis
- Failure and durability of composite materials
- Transportation interaction

   At Georgia Tech, students can focus on programs of study such as construction engineering and management, environmental engineering, environmental fluid mechanics and water resources, geo-systems engineering, structural engineering mechanics and material, transportation systems to prepare them for numerous other professional disciplines.

   Qualified students for a Master of Science Degree have to fulfill certain requirements. These may include: number of credit hours, grades, writing a thesis and more. Once those specific requests are completed by the student they can earn one of the following degrees:

Master of Science in Civil Engineering
Master of Science in Environmental Engineering
Master of Science in Engineering Science & Mechanics
Master of Science


Give a title and 100-word description for a new science and/or engineering degree program which might emerge given the advancements in scientific knowledge that the team identified.

Municipal Waste Structure Design

   Our graduate degree in Municipal Waste Structure Design will provide a student with the knowledge and skills necessary to pursue careers in the wastewater treatment industry.  It is recommended that students entering our proposed program have an undergraduate degree in Structural Engineering with a minor in Environmental Engineering.   During the freshman and sophomore years of college, students should gain a solid background in biology, chemistry, physics and environmental science.  In the junior and senior years they should focus on architecture/drafting, fluid mechanics, material science, and beginning systems engineering.

   Through the following courses, students will learn to design, operate and manage progressive wastewater treatment plants.

Year One: Year Two:
Advanced Structural Analysis I Advanced Structural Analysis II
Environmental Processing I Environmental Processing  II
Waste Water Treatment I Waste Water Treatment II
Solid Waste Management I Solid Waste Management  II
Advanced Systems Engineering I
(Waste Transport - Processing )
Advanced Systems Engineering
II  (Safety Concerns)
Organic Chemistry I
Public Works Engineering I
Pollution/Quality Control I  (Land, Air and Water)
Building, Designing, Retrofitting WWM I
Advanced Environmental  I

Florida Engineering Education Delivery System

   In addition to the courses listed above, students will be required to complete a practicum entitled Municipal Waste Structure Design Project. (which is modeled along the lines of the University of Florida's "Waste Digester Project").